Nizza, Genova e la redistribuzione del cacao sullo scorcio del XVIII secolo: storia di una contesa mercantile
Nice, Genoa and cocoa redistribution at the end of the 18th century: the history of a mercantile dispute
Abstract
The article focuses on the cocoa trade entering the Mediterranean through Lisbon and, to a lesser extent, through Cadiz, and shows how and when at the end of the 18th century it became an object of contention between Nice and Genoa, both of which were interested in redistributing the product in the Tyrrhenian area and in the hinterland of Piedmont and Lombardy, as far as the countries beyond the Alps. The economic dimension is strongly intertwined with the political one, as the states involved in the management of this trade (the Kingdom of Sardinia, the Republic of Genoa, but also the State of Milan and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany) try to bend the cocoa trade to their advantage in order to favour their own merchant and financial classes and to increase their tax revenues.
L'articolo si concentra sul commercio del cacao in ingresso nel Mediterraneo attraverso Lisbona e in misura minore attraverso Cadice, e illustra i modi e i tempi attraverso i quali esso si trasforma nello scorcio del XVIII secolo in oggetto di contesa tra Nizza e Genova, lenytrambe interessate a redistribuire il prodotto nello spazio tirrenico e nell'entroterra piemontese e lombardo, fino ai paesi d'Oltralpe. La dimensione economica si intreccia fortemente con quella politica, in quanto gli stati coinvolti nella gestione di questo commercio (il Regno di Sardegna, la Repubblica di Genova, ma anche lo Stato di Milano e il Granducato di Toscana) provano a piegare i traffici di cacao a loro vantaggio per favorire i propri ceti mercantili e finanziari e per accrescere i propri cespiti fiscali.
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