Dal Mediterraneo alla sponda opposta del Rio de la Plata: il fenomeno dell’emigrazione sarda in Uruguay tra Ottocento e Novecento
From the Mediterranean to the opposite bank of the Rio de la Plata: the phenomenon of Sardinian emigration to Uruguay between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Abstract
The paper focuses on Sardinian migration to Uruguay between the 19th and the 20th centuries through brief biographical profiles. It is an almost unknown phenomenon, not fully assumed as a case-study with different features from the islander migration to Argentine and to Brazil. Throughout the 19th century, emigration was quantitatively reduced and this descent was partly caused by some political-military factors (in the first half of the century), but also by economic reasons or personal choices (in the second half). During the 10s’ and 20s’ of the 20th century, the Sardinian migration to Uruguay is part of the so-called great exodus. That migration wave concerned mainly shepherds, miners and farm-workers coming from the north and the centre of Sardinia.
Il saggio, attraverso brevi profili biografici, pone l’accento sull’emigrazione sarda in Uruguay tra il XIX e il XX secolo; un fenomeno quasi sconosciuto e poco studiato che presenta caratteristiche differenti rispetto all’emigrazione isolana diretta in Argentina e in Brasile. Nel corso dell’Ottocento, l’emigrazione è quantitativamente ridotta, determinata in parte da fattori politico militari (prima metà), in parte da motivazioni economiche o scelte personali (seconda metà). Negli anni dieci e venti del Novecento l’emigrazione sarda diretta in Uruguay si inserisce invece nel quadro del cosiddetto grande esodo. Ad emigrare sono soprattutto pastori, minatori e contadini del centro e del nord Sardegna.
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