Tra credito e solidarietà. La parabola delle banche cattoliche in Italia nella prima metà del Novecento
Between credit and solidarity. Catholic banks trend in Italy in the first half of the twentieth century
Abstract
At the confluence between the tradition of charitable consumer credit and that of market banking, the story of the Casse rurali (rural cooperative banks) describes a parable at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Cornerstones of the social action of the Church after Rerum Novarum, these institutes and the articulated system of Catholic banks in which they were inserted clashed with fascism and the rigors of the crisis of '29. From the radical downsizing that followed, what emerged after World War II was some credit institutions and the cooperative credit network still existing today.
Alla confluenza tra la tradizione del credito al consumo di tipo caritativo e quella delle attività bancarie di mercato, la vicenda delle casse rurali descrive una parabola a cavallo tra Otto e Novecento. Divenute uno dei cardini dell’azione sociale della Chiesa dopo la Rerum Novarum, questi istituti e l’articolato sistema di banche cattoliche in cui si inseriscono si scontra col fascismo e i rigori della crisi del ’29. Dal radicale ridimensionamento che ne consegue, emergono poi nel secondo dopoguerra alcuni istituti di credito e la rete del credito cooperativo tutt’oggi esistente.
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